Isocyanates Information

Isocyanates Information

Information Sheet

Isocyanate compounds are found in a diverse range of industries using chemicals such as two pack spray.
The most widely used isocyanates are TDI (toluene di-isocyanate), MDI (methylene diphenyl di-isocyanate) and HDI (hexamethylene di-isocyanate).

Exposure
Isocyanates enter the body primarily through inhalation or skin exposure. For example, polyurethane foam production results from the generation of gas, e.g. carbon dioxide which can promote the release of isocyanates as vapour/aerosols.

Health Effects
There are several potential health effects associated with exposure to isocyanates. Some examples are provided below:
• Inhalation of isocyanates can cause respiratory irritation/sensitisation in people or lead to occupational asthma. Individuals with a history of asthma should not work in areas with the potential for isocyanate exposure.
• Skin sensitisation can occur due to the irritant nature of isocyanates in contact with the skin surface, which may result in dermatitis.

Recommended control measures
• If this is not possible, work with isocyanates must be isolated from other areas of the workplace using local exhaust ventilation (LEV), paint booths, masks.
• Good personal hygiene should be practiced and separate storage areas to avoid contamination from work clothes to normal clothes.
• Hands should always be washed before eating, drinking, smoking and before leaving work.

  • Always assume exposure is likely to occur and protect according to the level of risk identified from the risk
    evaluation.
    Prepare written risk assessments (required by law) highlighting key hazards, risks and controls in place.
    Try to eliminate the isocyanate-containing substance(s) or substitute isocyanate-free materials.
    Consult relevant Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and product labels to help determine control measures.
    Avoid skin contact and inhalation of isocyanate-based products.
    Health surveillance for dermatitis and asthma should be made available.
    Make sure ventilation is adequate and working properly.
    Hands always washed before eating, drinking, smoking and leaving work.
    Make sure the mask is appropriate and use correctly.